PERBANDINGAN POLA KELAYAKAN EKOLOGIS DAN FINANSIAL USAHA PADA KEGIATAN BUDIDAYA UDANG VANAME(L. vannamei)
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Abstract
Budidaya udang vaname (L. vannamei) adalah salah satu kegiatan akuakultur yang banyak dikembangkan di daerah pesisir Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat perbandingan kelayakan ekologis dan finansial usaha budidaya udang vaname pola semi-intensif dengan pola intensif di pesisir perairan Pekalongan, Jawa Tengah. Metode yang digunakan dalam riset ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dan deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Adapun data indikator penelitian yang diambil adalah data kualitas air (oksigen terlarut, pH, suhu, salinitas, dan profil plankton) serta data indikator kelayakan finansial usaha seperti nilai keuntungan usaha, R/C Ratio, rentabilitas usaha, nilai NPV (Net Present Value), nilai Payback Periods, dan nilai Profitability Index usaha. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukan tingkat kelayakan ekologis pada tambak semi-intensif dengan nilai pH 8.3, suhu 300C, oksigen terlarut 8.07 mg/L, ketinggian air 120 cm, dan warna air hijau memiliki tingkat kelayakan yang lebih baik dibandingkan tambak intensif. Sedangkan untuk kelayakan finansial, pada tambak intensif dengan nilai keuntungan Rp. 451.494.403,-, R/C Ratio 1.77, BEP Unit 2.455 kg, BEP Sales Rp. 134.573.507,-, rentabilitas usaha 7.7, NPV Rp. 35.466.189.367,-, payback periods 2.9, profitability index 52.83. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah Kegiatan budidaya udang vaname di pesisir perairan Pekalongan memiliki tingkat kelayakan ekologis dan finansial yang sangat baik untuk dijalankan serta dikembangkan. Pada tambak semi-intensif memiliki kelayakan ekologis yang lebih baik dibandingkan tambak intensif, begitu juga dengan tingkat kelayakan finansial usaha yang memiliki pola sebaliknya.
Kata kunci : ekologis, finansial usaha, udang vaname, L. vannamei
Vaname shrimp (L. vannamei) cultivation is one of the most widely developed aquaculture activities in coastal areas of Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of comparison of the ecological and financial feasibility of a semi-intensive vaname shrimp farming business with an intensive pattern in the Pekalongan coastal waters, Central Java. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative and qualitative research with purposive sampling method. The research indicator data taken are water quality parameters (dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, salinity, and plankton profile) as well as business financial feasibility indicator data such as business profit value, R/C Ratio, business profitability, NPV (Net Present Value), Payback Periods, and the business Profitability Index. The results showed that the level of ecological feasibility in semi-intensive ponds with a pH value of 8.3, temperature 300C, dissolved oxygen 8.07 mg/L, water level 120 cm, and green water color had a better feasibility level than intensive ponds. As for financial feasibility, in intensive ponds with a profit value of Rp. 451.494.403,-, R/C Ratio 1.77, BEP Unit 2.455 kg, BEP Sales Rp. 134,573,507, -, business profitability 7.7, NPV Rp. 35,466,189,367,-, payback periods 2.9, and profitability index 52.83. The conclusion from the results of this study is that vaname shrimp cultivation activities in the Pekalongan coastal waters have a very good level of ecological and financial feasibility to be carried out and developed. Semi-intensive ponds have better ecological feasibility than intensive ponds, as well as the level of financial feasibility of businesses that have the opposite pattern..
Keywords: ecological, business finance, white shrimp, L. vannamei
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References
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