VIRULENSI BAKTERI Edwardsiella ictaluri PENYEBAB PENYAKIT ENTERIC SEPTICEMIA OF CATFISH (ESC) PADA IKAN PATIN (Pangasius pangasius)

Abstract

Penyakit infeksius yang menyerang ikan patin, salah satunya disebabkan bakteri Edwardsiella ictaluri.  Bakteri ini menyebabkan penyakit sistemik enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui gejala klinis dan rerata waktu kematian akibat serangan bakteri E. ictalury pada ikan patin. Bakteri diinokulasi ke media BHIA (Brain Heart Infusion Agar, merek Conda Pronadisa) dan BHIB (Brain Heart Infusion Broth, merek Merck) diinkubasi pada suhu 24 ^oC selama 24 - 48 jam. Suspensi bakteri dengan kepadatan 2,7 x 10¹ – 10¹⁰ cfu/mL diinfeksikan pada 300 ekor ikan patin berukuran 11-12 cm dan diamati selama 7 hari. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental dan Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Analisis lebih lanjut dengan Duncan multiple range test (DMRT). Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan gejala klinis yang muncul pada ikan patin antara lain, ikan berenang secara vertikal, warna tubuh pucat, nekrosis, petechiae, liver pucat dan membesar, ginjal berwarna gelap dan kaku, asites insang pucat. Nilai rerata waktu kematian (RWK) ikan patin berkisar antara 1,16 – 2,26 hari.

Infectious diseases that attack catfish, one of which is caused by the bacterium Edwardsiella ictaluri. This bacterium causes systemic enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC). The aim of the study was to determine the clinical symptoms and the mean time of death due to the attack of E. ictaluri bacteria on catfish. Bacteria were inoculated into BHIA media (Brain Heart Infusion Agar, Conda Pronadisa brand) and BHIB (Brain Heart Infusion Broth, Merck brand) were incubated at 24 ^oC for 24-48 hours. Bacterial suspension with a density of 2.7 x 10¹ – 10¹⁰ cfu/mL was infected with 300 catfish measuring 11-12 cm and observed for 7 days. The study used experimental methods and completely randomized design (CRD). Further analysis with Duncan multiple range test (DMRT). The results showed clinical symptoms that appeared in catfish, among others, fish swimming vertically, pale body color, necrosis, petechiae, pale and enlarged liver, dark and stiff kidneys, ascites, pale gills. The mean time of death (MTD) of catfish ranged from 1.16 to 2.26 days.