LAND SUITABILITY ANALYSIS OF WHITE SHRIMP (LITOPENAEUSVANNAMEI) AQUACULTURE IN THE COASTAL AREA OF BARRU DISTRICT SOUTH SULAWESI – INDONESIA
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Jun 20, 2019
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Abstract
The coastal area of Barru District has a wide brackishwater pond, but its productivity is relatively low. A research to determine land suitability as one of the brackish water pond productivity-raising projects is needed. Considerable factors in determining land suitability for white shrimp aquaculture covers topography and hydrology, soil conditions, water quality, and climate. Quality of water is observed during a rainy and dry season. Spatial analysis using Geographic Information System is applied in the determination of land suitability for shrimp aquaculture. The analysis shows the actual land suitability of the existing ponds in Barru district, namely 2.399 ha, where land is classified as highly suitable (S1 class), 232.94 ha (9.71%) classified as moderately suitable (S2 class), 1,444.20 ha (60.20%) classified as marginally suitable (S3 class), 721.14 (30.06%) and classified as marginally low suitable (N class), 0.72 ha (0.03%), Limiting factors during the rainy season are the flood, while salinity is the main limiting factor during a dry season. Generally, other limiting factors are of the water sources, low level of pH soil and roughness of soil texture in a certain area.
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Alabaster, J.S. and R. Lloyd., 1982. Water Quality Criteria for Freshwater Fish, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nation, London, Boston. p.345.
APHA (American Public Health Association)., 2005 Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater. Twentieth edition. APHA-AWWA-WEF, Washington, DC. 1185 pp.
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Boyd, C. E., 1995. Bottom Soils, Sediment and Pond Aquaculture. Chapman and Hall, New York. 348 pp.
Bui, T.D., Luong-Van, J., Austin, C.M. 2012. Impact of shrimp farm effluent on water quality in coastal areas of the world heritage-listed Ha Long Bay., American Journal of Environmental Sciences 8 (2) , pp. 104-116.
Chanratchakool, P.; Turnbull, J. F.; Funge-Smith, S. and Limsuwan, C., 1995. Health Management in Shrimp Ponds. Second edition. Aquatic Animal Health Research Institute, Department of Fisheries, Kasetsart University Campus, Bangkok. 111 pp.
Cayelan C. Carey.; Bas W. Ibelings.; Emily P. Hoffmann.; David P. Hamilton.; Justin D. Brookes., 2012. Eco-physiological adaptations that favour freshwater cyanobacteria in a changing climate Original Research Article Water Research, Volume 46, Issue 5, 1 April 2012, Pages 1394-1407.
Van Dieven, C. A.; Van Keulen, H.; Wolf, J. and Berkhout, J. A. A., 1991. Land evaluation: from intuition to quantification. In: Stewart, B. A. (ed.), Advances in Soil Science. Springer, New York. p. 139-204.
David A. Chin., 2012. Water-Quality Engineering in Natural Systems: Fate and Transport Processes in the Water Environment. Edition: 2 . p.442.
Donald H.; Hazelwood.; Susan E. Hazelwood., 1985. The Effect of Temperature on Oxygen Consumption in Four Species of Freshwater Fairy Shrimp (Crustacea:Anostraca)., Freshwater Invertebrate Biology, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 133-137.
Effendi, H. (2003).AssessingWater Qualityfor theManagement ofWatersResources and Environment. Kanisius Publisher, Yogyakarta. 258 pp.
Fernando A.L. Pacheco.; Cornelis H. Van der Weijden., 2012. Integrating topography, hydrology and rock structure in weathering rate models of spring watersheds. Journal of Hydrology. Pages 32–50.
Gomez. E.; C Durillon.; G Rofes.; B Picot., 1999. Phosphate adsorption and release from sediments of brackish lagoons: pH, O2 and loading influence Original Research Article Water Research, Volume 33, Issue 10, 1 July 1999, Pages 2437-2447.
Howerton and Robert., 2001. Best Management Practices for Hawaiian Aquaculture, Center for Tropical Aquaculture Publication. p. 148.
Hydro-Oceanographic Office., 2017. Tidal list of Indonesian Islands. Hydro-Oceanographic Office, Jakarta. p 672.
James Marcus Bishop.; Weizhong Chen.; Adel HasanAlsaffar.; Hussain Mahmoud Al-Foudari., 2011. Indirect Effects of Salinity and Temperature on Kuwait's Shrimp Stocks Estuaries and Coasts, Vol. 34, No. 6, pp. 1246-1254.
Jang, C.S.; Liang, C.P.; Wang, S.W., 2013. Integrating the spatial variability of water quality and quantity to probabilistically assess groundwater sustainability for use in aquaculture . Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment 27 (6) , pp. 1281-1291.
Karthik, M.; J. Suri.; N. Saharan and Biradar, R. S., 2005. Brackish water aquaculture site selection in PalgharTaluk, Thane district of Maharashtra, India, using the techniques of remote sensing and geographical information system. Aquacultural Engineering 32: 85-302.
Karthik, M., Suri, J., Saharan, N.and Biradar, R.S. (2005). Brackish water aquaculture site selection in PalgharTaluk, Thane district of Maharashtra, India, using the techniques of remote sensing and geographical information system. Aquacultural Engineering, 32:285-302.
McElnea, A.E. and Ahern, C.R. (2004a). KCl extractable pH (pHKCl) and titratable actual acidity (TAA). In:Acid Sulfate Soils Laboratory Methods Guidelines. Queensland Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy, Indooroopilly, Queensland, Australia. pp. B2-1-B2-3.
McElnea, A.E. and Ahern, C.R. (2004b). Peroxide pH (pHOX), titratable peroxide acidity (TPA) and excess acid neutralising capacity (ANCE). In:Acid Sulfate Soils Laboratory Methods Guidelines. Queensland Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy,Indooroopilly, Queensland, Australia. pp. B3-1-B3-7.
McElnea, A.E. and Ahern, C.R. (2004c). Sulfur-peroxide oxidation method. In:Acid Sulfate Soils Laboratory Methods Guidelines. Queensland Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy, Indooroopilly, Queensland, Australia. pp. B7-1-B7-2.
McElnea, A.E. and Ahern, C.R. (2004d). Sulfur 1M KCl extraction (SKCl). In:Acid Sulfate Soils Laboratory Methods Guidelines. Queensland Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy, Indooroopilly, Queensland, Australia. pp. B8-1-B8-2.
Melville, M.D. (1993). Soil Laboratory Manual. School of Geography, The University of New South Wales, Sydney. 74 pp.
Menon, R.G. (1973). Soil and Water Analysis: A Laboratory Manual for the Analysis of Soil and Water. Proyek Survey O.K.T. Sumatera Selatan, Palembang. 190 pp.
Ministry of Environment. (2004). Ministry of Environment, No. 51of 2004, dated 8 April 2004 onMarineWater Quality Standard. Ministry of Environment, Jakarta. 11 pp.
Mustafa, A.,Radiarta, I N. and Rachmansyah. (2011). ProfilesandLand Suitability forAquaculture Supporting Minapolitan. Edited by: Sudradjat, A. Centerfor AquacultureResearchandDevelopment, Jakarta. 91 pp.
Melville, M. D., 1993. Soil Laboratory Manual. School of Geography, The University of New South Wales, Sydney. 74 pp.
Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries., 2005. Marine Fisheries Statistics Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries of Indonesia, Jakarta. p. 314.
Moore, J. W., 1991. Inorganic Contaminants of Surface Water. Springer-Verlag, New York. 334 pp.
Muir, J. F. and Kapetsky, J. M., 1988. Site selection decisions and project cost: the case of brackish water pond systems. In: Aquaculture Engineering Technologies for the Future. Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, New York. p. 45-63.
Nathaniel B.; Weston.; William P.; Porubsky.; Vladimir A. Samarkin.; Matthew Erickson.; Stephen E. Macavoy.; Samantha B. Joye., 2006. Porewater Stoichiometry of Terminal Metabolic Products, Sulfate, and Dissolved Organic Carbon and Nitrogen in Estuarine Intertidal Creek-Bank Sediments . Biogeochemistry, Vol. 77, No. 3, pp. 375-408
Nils Warnock.; Gary W. Page.; Tamiko D. Ruhlen.; NadavNur.; John Y. Takekawa.; Janet T. Hanson., 2002. Management and Conservation of San Francisco Bay Salt Ponds: Effects of Pond Salinity, Area, Tide, and Season on Pacific Flyway Waterbirds. Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology, Vol. 25, Special Publication 2: Managing Wetlands for Waterbirds: Integrated Approaches (2002), pp. 79-92.
OlivaPisani.; Youhei Yamashita.; Rudolf Jaffé., 2011. Photo-dissolution of flocculent, detrital material in aquatic environments: Contributions to the dissolved organic matter pool Original Research Article. Water Research, Volume 45, Issue 13, July 2011, Pages 3836-3844.
Pérez, O, M.; Ross, L. G.; Telfer. T. C.; and del Campo Barquin, L. M., 2003. Water quality requirements for marine fish cage site selection in Tenerife (Canary Islands): predictive modelling and analysis using GIS. Aquaculture 224, 51-68.
Poernomo, A. (1992).Site Selection for Shrimp Brackishwater PondsEnvironmentalFriendly. Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, FisheriesResearch and Development Centerand USAID/FRDP, Jakarta. 40 pp.
Rahouma, M.; Shuhaimi-Othman, M.; Cob, Z.C., 2013. Assessment of selected heavy metals (Zn, Mn, Pb, Cd, Cr and Cu) in different species of Acetes shrimp from Malacca, Johor and Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 6 (1) , pp. 50-56.
Rayes, M. L. 2007. Method of Land Resource Inventory. Publisher Andi, Yogyakarta. p. 298.
Rossiter. D.G., 2007. Classification of Urban and Industrial Soils in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources. Journal of Soils and Sediments Volume 7, Issue 2, pp 96-100.
Santín, C. Y. Yamashita, X. L. Otero, M. Á. Álvarez, R. Jaffé. 2009. Characterizing Humic Substances from Estuarine Soils and Sediments by Excitation-Emission Matrix Spectroscopy and Parallel Factor Analysis. Biogeochemistry, Vol. 96, No. 1/3, pp. 131-147
Sawyer, C. N. and McCarty, P.L., 1978. Chemistry for Environmental Engineering. Third edition. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Tokyo. 532 pp.
Shastri G.N.; Sonar M.L.; Das C., 2007. Physico-chemical studies of ponds water with special reference to water quality. Curr World Environ 2007; 2(1):71-71. Available from: http://www.cwejournal.org/?p=637 pdf link: vol 2 no1/CWEVO2NO1P71-72.pdf Page no: 71-72.
Shingo Ueda.; Chun-SimU.Go.; Takahito Yoshioka.; Naohiro Yoshida.; Eitaro Wada.; Toshihiro Miyajima.; Atsuko Sugimoto.; NarinBoontanon, PisootVijarnsorn.; SupornBoonprakub., 2000. Dynamics of Dissolved O2, CO2, CH4, and N2O in a Tropical Coastal Swamp in Southern Thailand. Biogeochemistry, Vol. 49, No. 3. pp. 191-215.
Soil Survey Staff. (2001). Soil Taxonomy, a Basic System of Soil Classification for Making and Interpreting Soil Survey. United State Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC. 734 pp.
Sulaeman, Suparto and Eviati. (2005). Technical Guidelines forChemicalAnalysis ofSoil, Plant, Water, andFertilizer. Edited by: Prasetyo, B.H., Santoso, D. and Widowati, L.R. Research Institute for Soil, Bogor. 136 pp.
Soil Survey Staff, 1975., Soil Taxonomy. Soil Conservation Service, United State Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC. 754 pp.
Tantu.G.A.,Dahlifa.,Ratnawati.,Mardiana.,A.R.Puspita. (2013) Land Suitability Analysis of Tiger Shrimp Aquaculture (Penaeusmonodon. Fab) in the Coastal Area of Labakkang District South Sulawesi – Indonesia. Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development. Vol 5.Issue 2. 7p.
Tantu.G.A.,Soemarno., N.Harahab., A. Mustafa. (2012). The Dinamic of Lanscape Change at Coast Area, in LabakkangSubdistrict, Regency, South Sulawesi. Journal of Coastal Development. Vol 15 No.2. p.133-141.
Vinatea, L.; Gálvez, A.O.; Browdy, C.L.; Stokes, A.; Venero, J.; Haveman, J.; Lewis, B.L., Leffler, J.W., 2010. Photosynthesis, water respiration and growth performance of Litopenaeusvannamei in a super-intensive raceway culture with zero water exchange: Interaction of water quality variables. Aquacultural Engineering 42 (1) , pp. 17-24
Warnock.; Gary W. Page.; Tamiko D. Ruhlen.; NadavNur.; John Y. Takekawa.; Janet T.; Hanson., 2002. Management and Conservation of San Francisco Bay Salt Ponds: Effects of Pond Salinity, Area, Tide, and Season on Pacific Flyway Waterbirds.,Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology, Vol. 25, Special Publication 2: Managing Wetlands for Waterbirds: Integrated Approaches, pp. 79-92.
ZenghuiDiao.; Taihong Shi.; Shizhong Wang.; Xiongfei Huang.; Tao Zhang.; Yetao Tang, Xiaying Zhang.; RongliangQiu., 2013. Silane-based coatings on the pyrite for remediation of acid mine drainage Original Research Article. Water Research, Volume 47, Issue 13, 1 September 2013, pages.4391-440
Ahern, C.R., Blunden, B., Sullivan, L.A. and McElnea, A.E. (2004). Soil sampling, handling, preparation and storage for analisys of dried samples. In:Acid Sulfate Soils Laboratory Methods Guidelines. Queensland Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy, Indooroopilly, Queensland, Australia, pp. B1-1-B1-5.
Ahern, C. R.; McElnea, A.; and Baker, D. E., 1998b. Total oxidisable sulfur. In: Ahern, C. R., Blunden, B. and Stone, Y. (eds.), Acid Sulfate Soils Laboratory Methods Guidelines. Acid Sulfate Soil Management Advisory Committee, Wollongbar, NSW. p. 5.1-5.7.
Ahern CR, McElnea AE, Sullivan LA (2004). Acid Sulfate Soils Laboratory Methods Guidelines. In Queensland Acid Sulfate Soils Manual 2004. Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy, Indooroopilly, Queensland, Australia. p.132.
Alabaster, J.S. and R. Lloyd., 1982. Water Quality Criteria for Freshwater Fish, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nation, London, Boston. p.345.
APHA (American Public Health Association)., 2005 Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater. Twentieth edition. APHA-AWWA-WEF, Washington, DC. 1185 pp.
ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations)., 1978. Manual on Pond Culture of Penaeid Shrimp. ASEAN National Coordinating Agency of the Philippines, Manila.132 pp.
Boyd, C. E., 1995. Bottom Soils, Sediment and Pond Aquaculture. Chapman and Hall, New York. 348 pp.
Bui, T.D., Luong-Van, J., Austin, C.M. 2012. Impact of shrimp farm effluent on water quality in coastal areas of the world heritage-listed Ha Long Bay., American Journal of Environmental Sciences 8 (2) , pp. 104-116.
Chanratchakool, P.; Turnbull, J. F.; Funge-Smith, S. and Limsuwan, C., 1995. Health Management in Shrimp Ponds. Second edition. Aquatic Animal Health Research Institute, Department of Fisheries, Kasetsart University Campus, Bangkok. 111 pp.
Cayelan C. Carey.; Bas W. Ibelings.; Emily P. Hoffmann.; David P. Hamilton.; Justin D. Brookes., 2012. Eco-physiological adaptations that favour freshwater cyanobacteria in a changing climate Original Research Article Water Research, Volume 46, Issue 5, 1 April 2012, Pages 1394-1407.
Van Dieven, C. A.; Van Keulen, H.; Wolf, J. and Berkhout, J. A. A., 1991. Land evaluation: from intuition to quantification. In: Stewart, B. A. (ed.), Advances in Soil Science. Springer, New York. p. 139-204.
David A. Chin., 2012. Water-Quality Engineering in Natural Systems: Fate and Transport Processes in the Water Environment. Edition: 2 . p.442.
Donald H.; Hazelwood.; Susan E. Hazelwood., 1985. The Effect of Temperature on Oxygen Consumption in Four Species of Freshwater Fairy Shrimp (Crustacea:Anostraca)., Freshwater Invertebrate Biology, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 133-137.
Effendi, H. (2003).AssessingWater Qualityfor theManagement ofWatersResources and Environment. Kanisius Publisher, Yogyakarta. 258 pp.
Fernando A.L. Pacheco.; Cornelis H. Van der Weijden., 2012. Integrating topography, hydrology and rock structure in weathering rate models of spring watersheds. Journal of Hydrology. Pages 32–50.
Gomez. E.; C Durillon.; G Rofes.; B Picot., 1999. Phosphate adsorption and release from sediments of brackish lagoons: pH, O2 and loading influence Original Research Article Water Research, Volume 33, Issue 10, 1 July 1999, Pages 2437-2447.
Howerton and Robert., 2001. Best Management Practices for Hawaiian Aquaculture, Center for Tropical Aquaculture Publication. p. 148.
Hydro-Oceanographic Office., 2017. Tidal list of Indonesian Islands. Hydro-Oceanographic Office, Jakarta. p 672.
James Marcus Bishop.; Weizhong Chen.; Adel HasanAlsaffar.; Hussain Mahmoud Al-Foudari., 2011. Indirect Effects of Salinity and Temperature on Kuwait's Shrimp Stocks Estuaries and Coasts, Vol. 34, No. 6, pp. 1246-1254.
Jang, C.S.; Liang, C.P.; Wang, S.W., 2013. Integrating the spatial variability of water quality and quantity to probabilistically assess groundwater sustainability for use in aquaculture . Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment 27 (6) , pp. 1281-1291.
Karthik, M.; J. Suri.; N. Saharan and Biradar, R. S., 2005. Brackish water aquaculture site selection in PalgharTaluk, Thane district of Maharashtra, India, using the techniques of remote sensing and geographical information system. Aquacultural Engineering 32: 85-302.
Karthik, M., Suri, J., Saharan, N.and Biradar, R.S. (2005). Brackish water aquaculture site selection in PalgharTaluk, Thane district of Maharashtra, India, using the techniques of remote sensing and geographical information system. Aquacultural Engineering, 32:285-302.
McElnea, A.E. and Ahern, C.R. (2004a). KCl extractable pH (pHKCl) and titratable actual acidity (TAA). In:Acid Sulfate Soils Laboratory Methods Guidelines. Queensland Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy, Indooroopilly, Queensland, Australia. pp. B2-1-B2-3.
McElnea, A.E. and Ahern, C.R. (2004b). Peroxide pH (pHOX), titratable peroxide acidity (TPA) and excess acid neutralising capacity (ANCE). In:Acid Sulfate Soils Laboratory Methods Guidelines. Queensland Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy,Indooroopilly, Queensland, Australia. pp. B3-1-B3-7.
McElnea, A.E. and Ahern, C.R. (2004c). Sulfur-peroxide oxidation method. In:Acid Sulfate Soils Laboratory Methods Guidelines. Queensland Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy, Indooroopilly, Queensland, Australia. pp. B7-1-B7-2.
McElnea, A.E. and Ahern, C.R. (2004d). Sulfur 1M KCl extraction (SKCl). In:Acid Sulfate Soils Laboratory Methods Guidelines. Queensland Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy, Indooroopilly, Queensland, Australia. pp. B8-1-B8-2.
Melville, M.D. (1993). Soil Laboratory Manual. School of Geography, The University of New South Wales, Sydney. 74 pp.
Menon, R.G. (1973). Soil and Water Analysis: A Laboratory Manual for the Analysis of Soil and Water. Proyek Survey O.K.T. Sumatera Selatan, Palembang. 190 pp.
Ministry of Environment. (2004). Ministry of Environment, No. 51of 2004, dated 8 April 2004 onMarineWater Quality Standard. Ministry of Environment, Jakarta. 11 pp.
Mustafa, A.,Radiarta, I N. and Rachmansyah. (2011). ProfilesandLand Suitability forAquaculture Supporting Minapolitan. Edited by: Sudradjat, A. Centerfor AquacultureResearchandDevelopment, Jakarta. 91 pp.
Melville, M. D., 1993. Soil Laboratory Manual. School of Geography, The University of New South Wales, Sydney. 74 pp.
Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries., 2005. Marine Fisheries Statistics Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries of Indonesia, Jakarta. p. 314.
Moore, J. W., 1991. Inorganic Contaminants of Surface Water. Springer-Verlag, New York. 334 pp.
Muir, J. F. and Kapetsky, J. M., 1988. Site selection decisions and project cost: the case of brackish water pond systems. In: Aquaculture Engineering Technologies for the Future. Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, New York. p. 45-63.
Nathaniel B.; Weston.; William P.; Porubsky.; Vladimir A. Samarkin.; Matthew Erickson.; Stephen E. Macavoy.; Samantha B. Joye., 2006. Porewater Stoichiometry of Terminal Metabolic Products, Sulfate, and Dissolved Organic Carbon and Nitrogen in Estuarine Intertidal Creek-Bank Sediments . Biogeochemistry, Vol. 77, No. 3, pp. 375-408
Nils Warnock.; Gary W. Page.; Tamiko D. Ruhlen.; NadavNur.; John Y. Takekawa.; Janet T. Hanson., 2002. Management and Conservation of San Francisco Bay Salt Ponds: Effects of Pond Salinity, Area, Tide, and Season on Pacific Flyway Waterbirds. Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology, Vol. 25, Special Publication 2: Managing Wetlands for Waterbirds: Integrated Approaches (2002), pp. 79-92.
OlivaPisani.; Youhei Yamashita.; Rudolf Jaffé., 2011. Photo-dissolution of flocculent, detrital material in aquatic environments: Contributions to the dissolved organic matter pool Original Research Article. Water Research, Volume 45, Issue 13, July 2011, Pages 3836-3844.
Pérez, O, M.; Ross, L. G.; Telfer. T. C.; and del Campo Barquin, L. M., 2003. Water quality requirements for marine fish cage site selection in Tenerife (Canary Islands): predictive modelling and analysis using GIS. Aquaculture 224, 51-68.
Poernomo, A. (1992).Site Selection for Shrimp Brackishwater PondsEnvironmentalFriendly. Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, FisheriesResearch and Development Centerand USAID/FRDP, Jakarta. 40 pp.
Rahouma, M.; Shuhaimi-Othman, M.; Cob, Z.C., 2013. Assessment of selected heavy metals (Zn, Mn, Pb, Cd, Cr and Cu) in different species of Acetes shrimp from Malacca, Johor and Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 6 (1) , pp. 50-56.
Rayes, M. L. 2007. Method of Land Resource Inventory. Publisher Andi, Yogyakarta. p. 298.
Rossiter. D.G., 2007. Classification of Urban and Industrial Soils in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources. Journal of Soils and Sediments Volume 7, Issue 2, pp 96-100.
Santín, C. Y. Yamashita, X. L. Otero, M. Á. Álvarez, R. Jaffé. 2009. Characterizing Humic Substances from Estuarine Soils and Sediments by Excitation-Emission Matrix Spectroscopy and Parallel Factor Analysis. Biogeochemistry, Vol. 96, No. 1/3, pp. 131-147
Sawyer, C. N. and McCarty, P.L., 1978. Chemistry for Environmental Engineering. Third edition. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Tokyo. 532 pp.
Shastri G.N.; Sonar M.L.; Das C., 2007. Physico-chemical studies of ponds water with special reference to water quality. Curr World Environ 2007; 2(1):71-71. Available from: http://www.cwejournal.org/?p=637 pdf link: vol 2 no1/CWEVO2NO1P71-72.pdf Page no: 71-72.
Shingo Ueda.; Chun-SimU.Go.; Takahito Yoshioka.; Naohiro Yoshida.; Eitaro Wada.; Toshihiro Miyajima.; Atsuko Sugimoto.; NarinBoontanon, PisootVijarnsorn.; SupornBoonprakub., 2000. Dynamics of Dissolved O2, CO2, CH4, and N2O in a Tropical Coastal Swamp in Southern Thailand. Biogeochemistry, Vol. 49, No. 3. pp. 191-215.
Soil Survey Staff. (2001). Soil Taxonomy, a Basic System of Soil Classification for Making and Interpreting Soil Survey. United State Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC. 734 pp.
Sulaeman, Suparto and Eviati. (2005). Technical Guidelines forChemicalAnalysis ofSoil, Plant, Water, andFertilizer. Edited by: Prasetyo, B.H., Santoso, D. and Widowati, L.R. Research Institute for Soil, Bogor. 136 pp.
Soil Survey Staff, 1975., Soil Taxonomy. Soil Conservation Service, United State Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC. 754 pp.
Tantu.G.A.,Dahlifa.,Ratnawati.,Mardiana.,A.R.Puspita. (2013) Land Suitability Analysis of Tiger Shrimp Aquaculture (Penaeusmonodon. Fab) in the Coastal Area of Labakkang District South Sulawesi – Indonesia. Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development. Vol 5.Issue 2. 7p.
Tantu.G.A.,Soemarno., N.Harahab., A. Mustafa. (2012). The Dinamic of Lanscape Change at Coast Area, in LabakkangSubdistrict, Regency, South Sulawesi. Journal of Coastal Development. Vol 15 No.2. p.133-141.
Vinatea, L.; Gálvez, A.O.; Browdy, C.L.; Stokes, A.; Venero, J.; Haveman, J.; Lewis, B.L., Leffler, J.W., 2010. Photosynthesis, water respiration and growth performance of Litopenaeusvannamei in a super-intensive raceway culture with zero water exchange: Interaction of water quality variables. Aquacultural Engineering 42 (1) , pp. 17-24
Warnock.; Gary W. Page.; Tamiko D. Ruhlen.; NadavNur.; John Y. Takekawa.; Janet T.; Hanson., 2002. Management and Conservation of San Francisco Bay Salt Ponds: Effects of Pond Salinity, Area, Tide, and Season on Pacific Flyway Waterbirds.,Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology, Vol. 25, Special Publication 2: Managing Wetlands for Waterbirds: Integrated Approaches, pp. 79-92.
ZenghuiDiao.; Taihong Shi.; Shizhong Wang.; Xiongfei Huang.; Tao Zhang.; Yetao Tang, Xiaying Zhang.; RongliangQiu., 2013. Silane-based coatings on the pyrite for remediation of acid mine drainage Original Research Article. Water Research, Volume 47, Issue 13, 1 September 2013, pages.4391-440